How to Curb Workplace Violence Between Nurses - 602 Words

Work Place Violence between Nurses There is a growing concern over the increase in violence between nurses in healthcare work place (Sofield Salmond, 2003). Henderson (2003) observes that violence between nurses jeopardizes the work environment, emotional and physical wellness of nurses as individuals and a team. The overall outcome of the workplace violence is undesirable with there being low levels of care to patient due to low morale to work. This paper gives recommendations to stop work place violence among nurses. Measures to stop work place violence between nurses Violence in healthcare institution compromises effective delivery of quality care to patients and violates integrity and work place ethics. There are necessary steps to take to stop violence between nurses and entrench the desirable work environment (French Morgan, 2002). The employers, supervisory staff and nurses have a role to play to ensure non-occurrence of violent action at work. Zero-tolerance policy against nurse to nurse violence should be religiously followed in order to ensure zero occurrence of violence. The policy should be communicated to all nurses in the hospital through workshops and training seminars on a regular basis. This will facilitate a deeper understanding to the nurses on the needs to maintain a non-violent work environment. The training will also enlighten the nurses on the manifestation of violent actions that should be avoided. Conflict resolution measures between nursesShow MoreRelatedEssay on The Transition From Student to Practicing R.N.2039 Words   |  9 Pagesnew graduate nurses career rarely begins easily, there seems to be a distinct disconnect between the fantasy of what it means to be a nurse and the reality of bedside nursing. Nursing school seems to feed into this disconnection, in that it does not prepare the new graduate registered nurse (NGRN) for their professional practice. 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Solutions include engaging in research and interventions to improve these social institutions. There are many ideas between the conflict and functionalist perspectives on how to remedy the wide-spread social problem of drug abuse. Substance abuse can simply be defined as, a pattern of harmful use of any substances for mood-altering purposes (What Is Substance Abuse, n.d.) As culture and customsRead MorePhysical Restraint And Nursing Home Facilities5608 Words   |  23 Pagesbehavioral problems. The decrease of behavioral problems also occurred when an individual was released from being restrained. Castle and Mor, 1998 note that various literature describe that the use of physical restraint in nursing home facilities can vary between 4 to 68%. There are favorable mechanisms that are used when associated with physical restraint use in so that the residents and/or individuals not injured, and decrease the amount of eloping behavior. Physical restraints devices run the gamut fromRead MoreSocial Problems Among Youth in Malaysia9333 Words   |  38 PagesINTRODUCTION 1.1 Background of the Study The globalization makes the world become smaller and the communication between countries could be done easily due to advance technologies. World without barriers allows cultures from other countries influence the Malaysian especially the youths. There are good and bad cultures. The social problems emerged due to influences of the bad cultures from other countries. The youth cannot identify and analyze what are good and bad things. Social problems among youthRead MoreWhy Dogs Are the Most Useful Animal to Humans4945 Words   |  20 PagesGuide dogs are taught to do things such as, walk in a straight line in the center of the pavement unless there is an obstacle, not turn corners unless told to do so, stop at curbs and wait for the command to cross the road, they are taught to judge height and width so its owner does not bump themselves. They are also taught how to deal with traffic. It takes a lot of skill and experience to match the correct dog with the correct owner. The owner’s stride length, height, and lifestyle all contributeRead MoreFemale Criminality11608 Words   |  46 Pagessignificantly raises the likelihood of re-offending later in life. As such, an understanding of the differences between the sexes in terms of the reasoning behind their offenses has long been researched. Gross notes that males and females enter the justice system with differing behavioral and emotional needs (Gross, 2009, pp. 84). As such, one can see a basic understanding of the mental differences between men and women that may lead women to have different reasons for committing crimes at an elevated rateRead MoreConvenience Store6737 Words   |  27 Pagesfor example, robberies and pedestrians and children being run over while walking to a convenience store. Some also argue that they promote tobacco usage in minors. Besides these problems, convenience store owners also have to be very careful as to how they plan to operate their business. Poor technology, poor inventory control, poor management, poor business planning, poor customer service, poor location, and the high costs of franchising are among the other problems associated with owning and operatingRead MoreFundamentals of Hrm263904 Words   |  1056 PagesUnderstanding Cultural Environments 4 The Changing World of Technolo gy What Is a Knowledge Worker? 6 How Technology Affects HRM Practices 6 Recruiting 7 Employee Selection 7 Training and Development 7 Ethics and Employee Rights 7 Motivating Knowledge Workers 7 Paying Employees Market Value 8 Communications 8 Decentralized Work Sites 8 Skill Levels 8 A Legal Concern 8 Employee Involvement 20 How Organizations Involve Employees 20 Employee Involvement Implications for HRM 20 Other HRM ChallengesRead MoreSubstance Abuse15082 Words   |  61 Pagesfrom the stomach lining may occur. * Alcoholics frequently experience memory loss. The rate of reaction time is slowed down as the brain and nerve impulse transmission is affected. * Kidney increases excretion of water. * Speech becomes slurred. HOW CAN YOU TELL IF SOMEONE IS AN ALCOHOLIC? You may be able to tell if someone is an alcoholic by observing violent behaviour, criminal activities performed by individuals, car accidents, depression, illness, unhappy family life, poor work habits and

The Work And Paintings Of Jacob Lawrence - 1914 Words

For my research paper, I will be studying the work and paintings of Jacob Lawrence. Jacob Lawrence was an American painter and was very highly commended African-American artist of the 20 century. What he is best known for is his Migration Series. He was born in Atlantic City, New Jersey on September 7, 1917. When he was the age of two his mother deposited him and his two younger siblings in foster care in Philadelphia after his parents divorced. When he was thirteen he went to work in New York City and there he went to join his mother. He also spent fifteen years teaching as a professor at the University of Washington. Lawrence was also widely known for producing narrative collections such as the Migration Series and War Series. Shortly after Lawrence had arrived there, he was introduced to art when his mother had enrolled him in Utopia Children’s Center, which then had an after school art program. At the age of 16 he dropped out of school and took classes at the Harlem Art W orkshop where it was taught by Charles Ashton and he very often visited the Metropolitan Museum of Art. In 1937, he won a scholarship to the American Artist School in New York. When he graduated in 1939 he had received funding from the Works Progress Administration Federal Art Project. By that time, he had already established his own type of modernism and that is then when he began to create his narrative series; where he would paint about 30 paintings or more for that one subject. In 1941, he hadShow MoreRelatedThe Art Of Jacob Lawrence And The Harlem Renaissance1192 Words   |  5 PagesJacob Lawrence Jacob Lawrences was born in 1917 and was an acclaimed African-American artist known for his detailed works that included the Migration Series and the War Series (Duggleby 7). His style consisted of water-based paintings portraying African-Americans life experiences in blacks and browns mixed with many bright and bold colors. Lawrence’s inspirations were based on Black Aesthetics and lives of black historical figures. The painting The Library was created in 1969. The library in theRead MoreAn Analysis Of Savannah Civil Right Museum 1214 Words   |  5 PagesArt: Are You Talking To Me â€Å"Savannah Civil Right Museum† Civil Rights have been the long and dreadful fight against desegregation in many places of the world. Throughout its hard fight many people captured the turmoil that they were faced with by painting, some sculpted, and most photographed. Many reason for this art platform to take place was to create a visual symbol of what we know as the resistance time period. Artist wanted to have the feel of empowerment and most of all feeling liberationRead MoreThe Migration Series Analysis1147 Words   |  5 Pagesforms of institutional racism. In his paintings depicting the Great Migration, Jacob Lawrence captures a feeling of hope and ambiguity as a family pulls into an urban landscape on a train. During the Great Depression, President Franklin Roosevelt successfully passed the New Deal, which yielded countless projects that enriched American economy, as well as American lives. One such project was â€Å"The Migration Series†, which was painted by renowned artist, Jacob Lawrence.As one the enduring legacies ofRead MoreJacob Lawrence : An African American Painter Essay963 Words   |  4 PagesJacob Lawrence was an African American painter, who was known for his portraits of the African American life. He was best known for his series titled, the Migration. Lawrence was born in Atlantic City, New Jersey on September 7th of 1917. After his parents separated, Lawrence and his younger siblings were put into the foster care system until his mother could support her children in New York. His education into the world of art was not only formal, but informal as well. It was formal because heRead More Jacob Lawrence Essay1750 Words   |  7 Pagesdistinguished artists of the twentieth century, Jacob Lawrence was born in Atlantic City and spnt part of his child hood in Pennsylvania. After his parents split up in 1924, he went with his mother and siblings to New York, settling in Harlem. quot;He trained as a painter at the Harlem Art Workshop, inside the New York Publi c Librarys 113 5th Street branch. Younger than the artists and writers who took part in the Harlem Renaissance of the 1920s, Lawrence was also at an angle to them: he was not interestedRead MoreThe Great Migration Through Different Mediums And Times Essay1334 Words   |  6 PagesAfrican Americans of their time. August Wilson published his play Joe Turner’s Come and Gone in 1984, a drama about the journey of several poor African-American travelers headed North to find work. Jacob Lawrence released his series of paintings titled Migration of the Negro in 1941, a series of sixty paintings that depicts the Great Migration. A major difference between Wilson’s play and Lawrence’s series is the depiction of the individual. In Joe Turner’s Come and Gone, as in any other play or dramaRead MoreThe Harlem Renaissance And American History1217 Words   |  5 Pagesnaturalism, idealism, or abstract themes. During the 1920’s, an era known as the Harlem Renaissance defined black culture and changed entertainment around the world. The black community used art such as music, literature, and paintings to express social freedom. Artist such as Jacob Lawrence, Langston Hughes, and Duke Ellington used their art as a form of therapy and communication to share the life of an African American in White America. This phenomenon created culture pride within the community. Their artRead MoreThe Harlem Renaissance : The New Negro Movement843 Words   |  4 Pagesart within its culture. Of the many painters at the time, Aaron Douglas, Lois Jones, and Jacob Lawrence were a few of the well-known painters in this era. Each painter had their own specific styles and patterns with embodied meaning in their artwork, giving each of their pieces significance and beauty. Aaron Douglas, who lived from 1899-1979, had a specific, almost abstract style. He was an artist â€Å"whose work best exemplified the New Negro philosophy† (Phylicia, and Sari.). The colors he usedRead MoreHarlem Renaissance : A Cultural, Social, And Artistic Explosion840 Words   |  4 Pagesblacks creating their own culture. The Harlem Renaissance had many great writers, artists, and musicians. These great writers, artists, and musicians created great poems, paintings, sculptures, and songs. Some of the great writers were Langston Hughes, Zora Neal Houston, and Countee Cullen. Some of the great artists were Jacob Lawrence, Aaron Douglas, and Lois Mailou Jones. Some of the great musicians were Louie Armstrong, Duke Ellington, and James Weldon Johnson. Langston Hughes is one of the most knownRead MoreJacob Lawrence s Influence On African American History879 Words   |  4 Pagesblack lives matter movements that we have focused on. Our artist come from different eras but have at least one similarity which is the attention on black art. Jacob Lawrence he might be one of the most influential African American artist. Jacob Lawrence focused on illustrating African American history through his colorful narrative paintings, therefore making him an artist and also a storyteller. Affected by the Harlem Renaissance of the 1920s and 1930s, he was introduced to art. His art is a day

Buy Or Build Decision Support System Example

Essays on Buy Or Build Decision Support System Coursework BUY OR BUILD DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEM In the wake of globalization, the cost of managing an organization in regard to products supply and logistics has become central in determining success. This has led to increased research on how to make informed decisions on which method to adopt as far as purchasing and supply chain is concerned. With the emergence of information and communication technology integrated supplier selection system, efficiency is possible and profitability is achievable (Lee, et al. 2006). It is worth to note that selection of the supplier is currently a pertinent decision as regards supply chain management for various industries and particularly processors and manufacturers. The issues to be dealt with therefore revolve around establishing an effective supplier network management. This constitutes supplier selection criteria identification, selection decision on the supplier and supplier progress monitoring.Decision support system involves integration of a supply an d logistic model in which accurate, quick and efficient decisions can be reached. Building a decision support system is both economical and sustainable. Opting to build rather than buy helps the organization in minimizing the risks associated with procurement section in preference to routine outsourcing on order-placing. Grey relational analysis (GRA) model is one of the widely used applications (Lee, et al. 2006). As it seeks to evaluate the supplier, it captures the quality of the product, purchase price, date for delivery, and quantity demanded. The simple steps to make appropriate decision regarding application are as shown below.Set objectivesIdentify alternativesEstimate costsConsider the availability of skilled human capitalCollect data and analyzeCalculate the grey relational gradeDetermine the best supplierThe above highlighted steps will help in building a decision support system that will remain profitable and sustainable by the organization.ReferenceLee, J., Internation al Workshop on Data Engineering Issues in E-Commerce and Services, DEECS. (2006). Data engineering issues in e-commerce and services: Second international workshop, DEECS 2006, San Francisco, CA, USA, June 26, 2006 : proceedings. Berlin [etc.: SpringerLink [host.

Tobacco Free Workplace Does It Reduce Costs And Can It

Tobacco Free Workplace: Does It Reduce Costs and Can It Ultimately Improve an Organization s Overall Well-being? Prepared and Submitted by Lorraine Eastman Professor Donna Trent MN 252S Table of Contents I. Introduction II. Review of Literature III. Research Methodology IV. Findings V. Interpretations VI. References I. Introduction One of the largest fiscal challenges facing an organization today is controlling health care costs. Health care costs cannot be controlled by managing health claims. Health care costs can only be controlled by reducing individual health claims. According to CIGNA, one of the world s largest insurance carriers, the main driver of health care cost increases is health claims and the main driver of health claims is participants modifiable behaviors. CIGNA also maintains that smoking is the largest driver of health claims and smoking behavior is 100% modifiable. Unfortunately, the most effective cost containment strategy has been to pass on more costs to participants through higher premiums and higher fees for services. While this strategy has been somewhat effective in previous years, this strategy has lead to fewer participants being able to afford health care coverage for themselves and their families. Continuing this strategy is unsustainable. All United States employers are facing the same challenges to one degree or another, which led to the passage of national healthShow MoreRelatedWhy Smoking Should Be Banned849 Words   |  4 PagesI will be discussing the topic why smoking should be banned in the workplace (inside and outside). I’ll be covering the loss of productivity in the workplace and the benefits of a smoke free workplace. In my opinion smoking should be banned in the workplace because the productivity is what makes a business and the benefits are a healthier and safer environment producing a better corporate image. Productivity in the workplace for a smoker to a nonsmoker is very different. Firstly i’ll be writingRead MoreBan of Public Smoking Essay1272 Words   |  6 Pagesbecause it would reduce the risk of health problems to non-smokers, reduce the number of smokers all together, and reduce the amount of valuable money tax payers spend on smoking related expenses. Tobacco has been labeled a carcinogen by the CDC, WHO, and the IARC. The hazardous byproducts from one smoked cigarette can elevate the toxin levels in a room for hours (National Cancer Institute Fact Sheet). According to the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, smoking reduces blood circulationRead MoreSocial Issues Related to Smoking and Alcohol Consumption Essay1265 Words   |  6 Pages There are many social consequences such as traffic accidents, workplace-related problems, family and domestic problems, and interpersonal violence. Work People with alcohol dependence and drinking problems are on sick leave more frequently than other employees. In Great Britain, up to 25% of workplace accidents and around 60% of fatal accidents at work may be linked to alcohol. drinking alcohol at work and hangovers  may reduce productivity. Performance at work may be affected both by the volumeRead MoreAdvantages and Disadvantages of No Smoking in Working Places2325 Words   |  10 Pagesdisadvantages of having smoke free workplaces including the perspective of both employers and employees and their rights and obligations. The speedy spread of tobacco products and users all over the world is causing significant concern that has become a worldwide challenge. The leaders of different countries are now expressing their concern about the rapidly increasing number of smoking-related deaths. Recent reports reveal that approximately 4.9 million deaths worldwide can be attributed to smokingRead MoreSmoking Should be Banned in Public Places Essays1464 Words   |  6 Pageswarning on it that smoking can lead to health problems including death. But the messages are rather clinical, for example: â€Å"Smoking Causes Lung Cancer, Heart Disease, Emphysema, and May Complicate Pregnancy.† Smoking is a danger to one’s own health but there is now evidence that smoking can affect others as well. Second hand smoke has been shown to cause cancer. Second hand smoke has been shown to produce the same negative health effects that smoking first hand does. Cities across the nation areRead MoreIntroduction And Institutional Background Of Smoking917 Words   |  4 PagesINTRODUCTION AND INSTITUTIONAL BACKGROUND Smoking is one of the biggest challenges facing public health. In England, Tobacco is killing almost 80,000 people every year (The NHS Information Centre for Health and Social Care, 2013). Around 8 million people in England smoke and expose many more to second-hand smoke. By this ways, smoking becomes harmful as well to people around smokers. (UK Department of Health , 2014) In reaction to the high risks of passive smoking exposure, especially for childrenRead MoreThe Smoke Free Policy1045 Words   |  5 PagesAs businesses transition into a smoke free work place, the total environment is condemned smoke free. Twenty years ago, restaurants allowed customers to smoke, where as now that smoke free policy has risen there are almost no restaurants or bars that allow smoking in the building. The majority of a restaurant’s customers are non smokers; therefore the income of customers would increase because non smokers would not have to worry about second hand smoke. Based on Zagat’s Release of 2008 America’sRead More Cigarette Smoking is a Costly and Deadly Habit! Essay2014 Words   |  9 PagesUnited States. Secondhand smoke causes numerous lung cancer deaths annually. Measures have been taken in both workplaces and public places to limit exposure to secondhand smoke. The economic cost of smokers to society is phenomenal- it includes mon etary costs, lost workdays and shortened work lives. Many states are establishing and maintaining comprehensive tobacco-control programs to reduce tobacco use. They provide education to our youth to prevent them from ever starting and smoking cessation programsRead MoreEssay on Contaminated Air: Secondhand Smoke907 Words   |  4 Pagescountless people are being poisoned from the effects of second hand smoking. Many people have heard or seen the effects of smoking and yet they still do it. In this case, it’s not about them but about us. There should be certain areas where smokers can go that won’t affect others because it’s a nuisance and cause unrepairable damage to everyone. Have you ever tried catching your breath inhaling something unexpected? If not then you are lucky. For those who have, it must have felt irritating andRead MoreThe Dangers of Cigarette Smoking1040 Words   |  5 Pagesmost users regret starting on. Nowadays, smoking can cause health problems for any human. Whether or not cigarette smoking should be banned completely, has become an object of controversy in many countries. Some people think that smoking cigarettes are a helpful way to reduce stress for the moment. In my point of view, tobacco smoking has seriously negative effects such as smoking-related cardiovascular diseases, respiratory diseases, cancer and it costs the user money that adds up quick depending on

Final pathological diagnosis free essay sample

On sectioning through the tissue it is compraise primarly of soft yellow adipose tissue with scant intervining fiborus tissue. Well distinct mass is seen. The area and question is entirly submitted into cassates A1 through A8. MICROSCOPIC DESCRIPTION: 8 plus slides label A1 through A8 are examined. Sections displayed occasional cystics spaces lined by a single layer of flattened two cuboidal shape mucinous cells showing no significant cytologic atypia. Rare foci of mild ductal epithelial hyperplasia are also present. A few microcalcifications deposits are seen association with the B-9 memory glands. No atypical hyperplasia carcinoma in situ or invasive melignancy is identified. FINAL PATHOLOGICAL DIAGNOSIS: Right breast biopsy with needle localization No evidence of melignancy. B-9 mucinous cycts. Focal ductal epithelial hyperplasia. No atypia. Microcalcifications. Pathology Report Patient Name: Ursula Emma Wagner Patient ID: 004654 Page 2 The CPT code is 88305.

Accessorial Liability of Board Members †Free Samples to Students

Question: Discuss about the Accessorial Liability of Board Members. Answer: Introduction: The purpose of this report is to provide a brief synopsis of the Fair Work Ombudsman system on the employment relationship in Australia. The Fair Work Ombudsman (FWO) promotes cooperative, harmonious and productive workplace. It is an independent and statutory agency of the Australian Government (Stewart Owens, 2013). This independent agency helps the employer, employees and other people or the units related to the organization to understand and comply with the workplace law of Australia. The following paper discusses the launch of the 7 Eleven Inquiry by the FWO in Australia. The paper presents an overview of the purpose and function of the 7 Eleven Inquiry in the Australian workplace and the major findings out of the inquiry. While discussing the launch of the inquiry organization, the report also presents the drawbacks of the Australian Employment Relationship system that, the 7 Eleven Inquiry finds out regarding the role of the state and the role of the unions in terms of the or ganizational workplace (Grabosky, 2013). The Employment Relationship (ER) system defines the relationship between the employer and the employee in the organization in terms of the workplace ethics and laws (Sparrow Cooper, 2012). Moreover, it is the basic function of the state and the union to monitor and execute the Fair Work Act in the workplace (Macdonald Charlesworth, 2013). The prime focal point of the following paper is the 7Eleven network stores around Australia. The paper reflects the flaws in the ER system of Australia and the importance of the 7 Eleven Inquiry in order to find out those flaws within the organization. In addition, the paper also presents the implications of the 7 Eleven Inquiry and other inquiries in the for the regulation of the Australian ER system. The function of the Fair Work Ombudsmen is to ensure the safety and fair right of the employee in the employment contract with the franchisees (Stewart et al., 2014). The purpose of conducting the 7 Eleven Inquiry by the FWO is to identify the allegations of underpaying wages false employment records in all the franchisee network of the 7 Eleven Australia Pty Ltd (Ombudsman, 2016). The allegations came from various sources that the employees were not paid proper wages according to their job role and responsibilities. The allegations also include that there were many falsification of the employment across the franchisee companies of the 7 Eleven Inquiry. To enquire the truthfulness of the allegation and find out the reasons for the wrong and unjustified treatment of the employees in the organization, the FWO launched the 7 Eleven Inquiry Australia (Fraser, 2016). The Major Findings from the Inquiry: The inquiry of the FWO found out the some serious issues and instance of non-compliance in the franchisee organizations (7-eleven-inquiry-report., 2017). These major findings are: The 7 Eleven inquiry found out that there are many organizations that do not follow the Fair work Act of 2009, that ensures the employees health, wages, weekly work hours and other employments benefits. The inquiry found out the manipulations in the organization for disguising the underpayments of the employees (Thornthwaite, 2017). The allegation regarding the falsification of the employment records are found to be true by the inquiry. The findings show that there are many employees in the franchisees who are afraid to speak up about their problems regarding the underpayments. It was found that the franchisees forces the employees to cash back from their wages. To ensure the cash back the franchisees took the employees to the ATM and forced them to pay certain portion of withdrawal money. The franchisees did not follow and maintain the labor law and did not provide the necessary benefits to the employees. The franchisees were also involved into the unfair dismissal of the employees. Gaps in Australian ER System: There were some serious gaps in the Australian Employment Relationship (ER) system that the 7 Eleven Inquiry raised to identify those gaps. The gaps were the result of the negligence of the state in intervening the employment relationship in order to ensure the achievement of social and economic objectives for the entire nation (Alter, 2013). The role of the union is equally vital for the employment relationship system in terms of securing the wages, health and safety of the employees, working conditions of the employees and the welfare of the people in employment (Pekarek Gahan, 2016). Bothe the state and the union are responsible for ensuring and maintaining employment policies and the laws regarding the wellbeing of the employees. However, the state as well as the union failed miserably in meeting their primary task and as the result, the employees of the franchisees had to suffer. Apart from the management of the organization, it was the duty and responsibilities of the state an d the union to maintain a healthy employment relationship with the employees (Hardy, 2016). The following section covers the gaps in the employment relationship system in the franchisees of 7 Eleven Inquiry in Australia. The inquiry investigates in 20 stores and found out the gaps in the ER system (Wright, 2016). Brief overviews of some case studies are presented to provide the evidence based arguments on the findings (7-eleven-inquiry-report., 2017). In most of the stores, the inquiry found insignificant and inaccurate records for disguising the underpayments of the employees. It is found in the most of the stores that the employees were forced to work for additional hours and they were not paid accordingly to the work hours (7-eleven-inquiry-report., 2017). It was clear and evident that the Fair Work Act (2009) was not followed properly in the organizations (Macdonald Charlesworth, 2013). This is definitely the gap in the employment relationship system that both the state and the union can be considered responsible for not monitoring the process. In this regard, a case study is presented to clearly depict the actual situation and provide the evidence of the argument. On visiting few stores by the inquiry inspector, he found out that the records are not accurate as per the real working hours by the employees. In addition, were underpaid (Briton, 2015). The following numeric tables provide the data on the working hours and the underpayments (7-eleven-inquiry-report., 2017). Reality Records Rate of Pay $15 $23.15 Hours of Work 20 hours 12.96 hours Gross Pay $300 $300.02 Table 1: Example of disguised payroll hours Reality Records Base Rate of Pay $15 $22.77 Penalty Rate of Pay $15 $27.09 Hours of Work 34 hours 12.88 hours at base rate 8 hours at penalty rate Gross Pay $510 $510 Table 2: Example of Increasing Penalty Rate Employee Participation: Another gaps that was found during the inquiry of the 7 Eleven, was the lack of employee participation for the interview. The employees were found to be scared to speak up about their problems of underpayments (Briton, 2015). It is the primary duty of the union to assure the employees to speak up about their problems. Hence, it is indeed the drawbacks of the union for being incapable of providing proper security and comfort to the employees to share their problems in the workplace. This defines the gaps in the employment relationship system. The case study regarding this matter shows that some of the employees changes their statements during the inquiry (Terry-Armstrong, 2016). For example, one employee when was asked initially stated that he works for 8 hours a day and that he was paid $35 per hour, whereas another two employees said they were paid $18 and $14 per hour respectively for the same working hours (7-eleven-inquiry-report., 2017). This diverse statement clearly shows the evidence of the gaps within the employment relationship and that the employees are afraid to share their problems. Apart from these two major drawbacks, other gaps are found among the various evidence in the franchisee stores. The evidence of the drawbacks are given in the table below: Evidence Details Cash Payments records The cash payments records of the employees were found misprinted. The misprints were done intentionally to disguise and hide the actual data to show the cause for the underpayments (Thornthwaite, 2017). Misuse of the Work Ethics and regulations The misuse of the work employment ethics and the regulations had been seen by the inquiry. By misusing the employment ethics and regulations the employees were mislead and forces to draw underpayments. CCTV Footage Though CCTV footage were not available in every stores, it has been used as the good and proper evidence for presenting the happenings in the stores. The footage showed the instances of the actual working hours of the employees and the payments process, though not clear, but was adequate for using as the evidence. Register of the Employee log-ins Every franchisee is meant to have a register for the employees record their actual work timing. The store must have unique employee code for each employee. However, it was found that many stores did not have a particular log-in register and unique employee code. Moreover, the stores having the register found showing reluctance in changing the register according to the change of the time shift. Communication The inquiry shows that there is the lack of communication between the employee union and the employees. Inadequate communication had made the employees uncomfortable in sharing their problems and they also made the union unaware of the underpayments of the employees (Lu, Samaratunge Hrtel, 2012). All the evidence above shows the gaps in the employment relationship in terms of performing the responsibilities of the state and the union (Wright, 2016). The major gaps that are evident from the inquiry are the lack of proper communication with the employees and the monitoring of the union as well as the state on the process of the payments and the work regulations. 7 Eleven Inquiry Implications for Australian ER Regulation: From the major findings of the 7 Eleven Inquiry the non compliances are evident in the 7 Eleven network franchisee stores. In addition, numerous changes are required for reducing the opportunities to underpay the employees. The investigation by the 7 Eleven Inquiry implies that the labor laws in the workplace needs major reform (Sivaraman Turner, 2016). To ensure the compliances in the stores, there are some implications for the ER regulations in Australia. The recommendations are collected from various journals, newspaper and academic articles and the reports on the 7 Eleven Inquiry. The recommendations target the 7 Eleven, the FWO and the other regulatory frameworks. The frameworks provide the remedies and opportunities to the non-compliances happening within the workplace with the employees in the franchisee stores (Employment Law Matters., 2017). The recommendations are: Promoting sustainable culture to comply with the ER system across 7 Eleven network. Enhancing the effectiveness of the FWO for bringing into account the persons and entities responsible for the exploitations of the vulnerable workers, working on the temporary working visas. Requiring the franchisees to comply with the requirements of the payroll service. Arranging biometric attendance in order to maintain proper and accurate records of the working hours of the employees. Requiring the franchisees to maintain their own record of proper and actual working hours. Reviewing franchise arrangements, specifically around the control level. Rearranging the structure of the governance for reducing the opportunities for the conservations of the workplace laws (MacCallum, 2016). Requiring the structural change in order to ensure the compliances around the workplace (Regan, 2016). Considering the franchisee agreement regarding the termination of the same. Making awareness of the powers and roles of the ER regulations including FWO and other employment related issues such as health and safety. Weekly regular visit of the union in the franchisees to ensure the smooth and proper workflow. Conducting awareness programs in a monthly basis to make sure all the employees know about their work ethics, and work right. Detailed Recommendations: The following portion of the report suggests the detailed recommendations of the 7 Eleven Inquiry for the ER system as well the 7 Eleven stores across Australia. Entering into the compliance partnership with FWO, whereas the 7 Eleven Inquiry will publicly accept its ethical and moral responsibilities in regard to the standards of conduct to comply with all the individuals involved in the enterprise, that: Abiding by the law in relation to all the employees in all the stores Meeting the Australian social and community expectations for providing equal, safe and fair work opportunities for all the employees in every store. The terms of compliance partnership needs to include the form of the Proactive Compliance Deed, in order to receive the sustainable compliances. These terms are: Taking important steps to develop the employment practice in the franchisee stores by the implementation of sustainable, permanganate and fundamental changes in the franchisee model for ensuring the laws in terms of the workplace relations. This also includes te instruments in the Fair Work Act 2009 and other related instruments, that are entirely abided by for all the employees in the franchisee stores of the 7 Eleven network. Acknowledging the administrative process and the franchisee model that includes the requirements of the internal audits and the payroll system. The system must have instances that contribute to the environment of the vulnerable employees to exploitation inclusive of the way of underpayments. Conclusion: It can be concluded from the above discourse that the 7 Eleven Inquiry was initiated for identifying the gaps and the drawbacks in the Employment Relationship system in Australia. The Inquiry was conducted across the 7 Eleven network franchisees in Australia. The result of the inquiry showed that there is some major non-compliance in the ER system within the franchisees. The gap shows the negligence and irresponsibility of the state as well as the union of the employees. The major issues that emerge from the inquiry findings are the forceful employment for the additional work hours. The inquiry also focuses on the issue of underpayments and the falsification of the records regarding the extra working hours and the underpayments. The report presents the evidence on the findings of the inquiry from various sources such as newspaper, academic journals and reports based on the 7 Eleven Inquiry. The report further points out the major drawbacks in the ER system that required the inquiry o f the 7 Eleven in its franchisee network. The report also discusses the implications for the ER system by the 7 Eleven Inquiry to reduce and eliminate the potential opportunities for the conservations of th underpayments and the falsification of the data. The recommendation suggests some minor and major changes in the structure of the franchisees and the proper implementation of the FWO within the same. 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